Книга пророка Иезекииля, Глава 14, стих 14. Толкования стиха
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Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
DELIVERANCE FOR THEM. AUGUSTINE: Daniel is unique in being included among the three just men whom God says he will deliver, doubtless showing three special types of just people, when he says he will so deliver them as not to deliver their children with them, but they only shall be delivered: namely, Noah, Daniel and Job. LETTERS 111.
EXAMPLES OF RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR US. AUGUSTINE: Now I suppose it is not easy to find in God’s Scripture so weighty a testimony of holiness given of any one as what is written of his three servants, Noah, Daniel and Job, whom the prophet Ezekiel describes as the only men able to be delivered from God’s impending wrath. In these three men he no doubt prefigures three kinds of people to be delivered: in Noah, I suppose, are represented righteous leaders of nations, by reason of his government of the ark as a type of the church; in Daniel, people who are righteous in continence; in Job, those who are righteous in wedlock—to say nothing of any other view of the passage, which it is unnecessary now to consider. It is, at any rate, clear from this testimony of the prophet, and from other inspired statements, how eminent were these worthies in righteousness. ON THE MERITS AND FORGIVENESS OF SINS AND ON INFANT BAPTISM 2.12.10.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
THE EXAMPLES OF HOLY MEN CHALLENGE US. BEDE: Ezekiel the prophet mystically distinguishes them from one another when he foretells that there are only three men who will be delivered when the time of plagues comes, namely: Noah, Daniel and Job. For surely in Noah, who steered the ark over the waves, he shows those who are set over the church; in Daniel, who was zealous to live continently in the royal court, he shows the continent or virgins; in Job, who while married exhibited a wonderful example of patience to all, he shows the life of the virtuous married people. ON THE TABERNACLE 1.8.25.32.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
IF WE DO NOT REPENT. GREGORY OF NAZIANZUS: Who will cry aloud, spare your people, O Lord, and do not give your heritage to reproach, that the nations should rule over them: what Noah and Job and Daniel, who are reckoned together as men of prayer, will pray for us, that we may have a slight respite from warfare, and recover ourselves, and recognize one another for a while and no longer, instead of being a united Israel, be Judah and Israel, Rehoboam and Jeroboam, Jerusalem and Samaria, in turn delivered up because of our sins, and in turn lamented? IN DEFENSE OF HIS FLIGHT TO PONTUS, ORATION 2.89.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Источник
Глава 1.22Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NOAH, DANIEL AND JOB. DESERT FATHERS: The work of the monastic life is poverty and trouble and separation…. Noah must be taken as representing the personification of self-denial, and Job as representing labors and Daniel as representing separation; if a person possess these three rules of conduct the Lord dwells in him. SAYINGS OF THE DESERT FATHERS 193.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Источник
Беседа 1 на 1 Фес.Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
OUR REPENTANCE A PREREQUISITE. CHRYSOSTOM: No one may despair, though hitherto he may have been careless, of setting his hopes on nothing else, after God’s mercy, but on his own virtue. For if these were no better for such a kindred, even though they were of the same house and lineage with Christ, until they gave proof of virtue, what favor can we possibly receive, when we plead with righteous kin and brethren, unless we are exceedingly dutiful and have lived in virtue?… But even if it is Ezekiel who does the pleading, he will be told, “though Noah comes, and Job and Daniel, they shall deliver neither sons nor daughters.”… For it is true that the prayers of the saints have the greatest power, but only on condition of our repentance and amendment of life. HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW 5.7.
CHALLENGED BY HOLINESS. CHRYSOSTOM: Considering all these things, let us prepare for our departure from here. For even if the day of general consummation never comes to us, the end of each one is at the doors, whether they are old or young; and it is not possible for people, after they have gone from here, either to buy oil any more or to obtain pardon by prayers, though he who does the pleading be Abraham, or Noah, or Job or Daniel. While we have opportunity, let us store up for ourselves beforehand much confidence, let us gather oil in abundance, let us remove all into heaven, that in the fitting time, and when we most need them, we may enjoy all; by the grace and love toward people. HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW 20.6.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
WE HAVE TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR OUR OWN LIVES. CYPRIAN: Who was more righteous than Noah, who, when the earth was replete with sins, was alone found righteous on the earth? Who more glorious than Daniel? Who stronger in firmness of faith for enduring martyrdom, happier in God’s favors, who when he fought so often conquered and when he conquered survived? Who was more diligent in good works than Job, stronger in temptations, more patient in suffering, more submissive in fear, more true in faith? And yet God said that, if they should ask, he would not grant. When the prophet Ezekiel interceded for the sins of the people, God said, “Whatever land shall sin against me, so as to transgress grievously, I will stretch forth my hand on it, and will break the staff of bread thereof, and will send famine upon it and will destroy people and beast out of it. And if these three men, Noah, Daniel and Job, shall be in it, they shall deliver neither sons nor daughters, but they only shall be delivered.” Therefore, not all that is sought is in the prejudgment of the seeker but in the decision of the giver, and human opinion takes or assumes nothing to itself unless the divine pleasure also assents. THE LAPSED 19.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
SEPARATION FROM MATERIAL DISTRACTIONS. MARTIN OF BRAGA: Abbot Moses said, Separation from material things, that is, voluntary poverty, and endurance with patience and understanding are the possessions of a monk…. Noah is the personification of voluntary poverty, Job the personification of endurance with patience, Daniel the personification of understanding. Accordingly, if the deeds of these three holy men are in any person, the Lord is with him, dwelling with him, receiving him and driving away from him every temptation and every tribulation that comes from the enemy. SAYINGS OF THE EGYPTIAN FATHERS 8.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
THE DESCENDANTS OF THE RIGHTEOUS CAN SIN. ORIGEN: Those who are of Abraham are not children of Abraham; although they are of his seed, they are not his children, because they are sinners. In the same way those whose actions resemble the wonder of Daniel are of Daniel, and those who imitate the patience of Job become Job. HOMILIES ON EZEKIEL 4.4.
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Особенный интерес представляют 14-я и перекликающаяся с ней 18-я главы. Они учат об индивидуальной ответственности за грехи. Здесь отражена новая ступень в развитии нравственного учения Ветхого Завета. В древних книгах человек, обыкновенно, рассматривается в совокупности с семьей, племенем, нацией. Ной (Быт.6:18) спасается вместе со своей семьей; Авраам, призванный Богом (Быт.12), уводит за собой в Ханаан весь род. Поэтому и ответственность и воздаяние понимались, как коллективные. Авраам (Быт.18:22–23) ходатайствует за Содом не для того только, чтобы праведные были пощажены, но и для того, чтобы в силу солидарности всего рода человеческого они избавили и злых от заслуженного наказания.
Пророки же поставили во главу угла индивидуальное начало и этим возвысили и дополнили древние принципы. Уже во Второзаконии (24:16; ср. 4Цар.14:6) утверждается, что нельзя наказывать сыновей за отцов. Видение, бывшее Иезекиилю (8–10) убедило его в том, что мера наказания, предстоящего Иерусалиму, соответствует степени его теперешних грехов. Так пророк становится провозвестником личной ответственности. Спасение человека или его гибель зависит не от его предков и близких. Бог смотрит прежде всего на личное сердечное расположение человека. Иудеи же придавали слишком большое значение коллективной ответственности, и потому современники пророка утверждали, что они несут наказание за грехи предыдущих поколений. «Отцы ели кислый виноград, а у детей на зубах оскомина» – говорили они. Иезекииль же утверждает обратное: каждый человек отвечает за свои дела и поступки. «Душа согрешающая; она умрет: сын не понесет вины отца, и отец не понесет вины сына» (18–20).
Человек не только свободен от грехов отца, но даже может освободиться от своих собственных беззаконий, если он покается и исправится (стих 23).
Источник
Священное Писание Ветхого Завета : учебное пособие для 3-го класса / Под ред. иеродиакона Сергия (Соколова) – Загорск : 1986. / Ч. 1. : Исторические Книги. – 121 с.; Ч. 2. : Пророческие книги. – 187 с.Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Авва Пимен говорил: «Нищета, скорбь, теснота и пост – вот работные орудия доброго воина Христова. В Писании сказано: аще будут сии трие мужие... Ное и Даниил и Иов ... живу Аз, глаголет Адонаи Господь ... тии же во правде своей спасутся... (Иез. 14:14, 20). Ной изображает собой нестяжательность, Иов – терпение, Даниил – рассудительность. Если сии три добродетели есть в человеке, то Господь обитает в нем».
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14
Толкование на группу стихов: Иез: 14: 14-14