Книга пророка Иеремии, Глава 2, стих 12. Толкования стиха

REACTION OF NATURE: SUPPRESSION OF THE GOSPEL. ATHANASIUS: Who that witnessed these things, or that has merely heard of them, will not be greatly appalled and cry aloud to the Lord, saying, “Will you make a full end of Israel?” Who that is acquainted with these proceedings will not with good reason cry out and say, “A wonderful and horrible thing is done in the land,” and, “The heavens are astonished at this, and the earth is even more horribly afraid.” The ancestors of the people and the teachers of the faith are taken away, and the impious are brought in to lead the churches? Who that saw when Liberius, bishop of Rome, was banished, and when the great Hosius, the father of the bishops, suffered these things, or who that saw so many bishops banished out of Spain and the other parts could fail to perceive—however little sense he might possess—that the charges against Athanasius also and the rest were false, and altogether mere calumny? This is also why others endured the suffering they did, because they saw plainly that the conspiracies laid against these men were founded in falsehood. HISTORY OF THE ARIANS 6.46.

HEAVEN’S SURPRISE AT ISRAEL’S EVIL. BASIL THE GREAT: Not only Paul, but generally all those to whom is committed any ministry of the word, never cease from testifying but call heaven and earth to witness on the ground that now every deed that is done is done within them, and that in the examination of all the actions of life they will be present with the judged. So it is said, “He shall call to the heavens above and to the earth, that he may judge his people.” And so Moses when about to deliver his oracles to the people says, “I call heaven and earth to witness this day,” and again in his song he says, “Give ear, O heavens, and I will speak. Hear, O earth, the words of my mouth.” Isaiah invokes: “Hear, O heavens. Listen, O earth.” Jeremiah describes astonishment in heaven at the tidings of the unholy deeds of the people: “The heaven was astonished at this and was horribly afraid, because my people committed two evils.” ON THE SPIRIT 13.30.

Изумитесь сему небеса, и врата их ужаснитесь сильно, говорит Господь. Ибо два зла сделал народ Moй: оставили меня, источник воды живой, выкопали себе водоемы, водоемы разбитые, которые не могут держать воды. LXX: изумилось сему небо и содрогнулось чрезмерно и сильно и прочее так же. Небо, коему сказано: внимай, небо, я буду говорить Втор. 32:1 и: слушайте, небеса, и внимай, земля, Ис. 1:2, — небо, видя заповеди Божии попранными, ужасается и не может скрыть изумления. Ибо вся тварь совоздыхает и соболезнует о грехах человеческих. Народ Божий сделал два преступления: во первых, оставил Бога, Который есть источник жизни и Который дал заповедь, говоря: аз есмь Господь Бог твой, изведый тя от земли Египетския Исх. 20:2; и во вторых преступил написанное в том же месте: да не будут тебе Бози инии разве Мене, и вместо того пошел в след демонов, которых называет разбитыми водоемами, так как они не могут хранить заповедей Божиих. И тому должно внимать, что Бог есть источник неизсякающий и имеет воды животныя. Водоемы же и пруды наполняются или из потоков, или из вод мутных, с земли и от дождей. А вратами небесными называет те врата, о которых и в двадцать третьем псалме написано: «поднимите, врата, верхи ваши и войдет Царь славы», вместо чего LXX перевели: «поднимите, князья, ворота ваши, о которых подробнее будет сказано в своем месте. Что Акила и Симмах перевели небеса, а LXX и Феодотион небо, то пусть никто не смущается этим, ибо еврейское samaim числа общего, и его можно переводить и небеса и небо, подобно тому как Фивы, Афины, Салоны.

THE HIGHEST FORM OF INSTRUCTION. CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA: Reproof is the bringing forward of sin, laying it before one. This form of instruction God employs as necessary in the highest degree by reason of the feebleness of the faith of many. For he says by Isaiah, “You have forsaken the Lord and have provoked the holy One of Israel to anger.” He says also by Jeremiah: “Heaven was astonished at this, and the earth shuddered exceedingly. My people have committed two evils. They have forsaken me, the fountain of living waters, and have hewn out for themselves broken cisterns that will not be able to hold water.” CHRIST THE EDUCATOR 1.9.

THE LIVING FOUNTAIN PREFIGURES BAPTISM. EPISTLE OF BARNABAS: Let us inquire whether the Lord took care to foreshadow the water and the cross. Now concerning the water, it is written with reference to Israel that they would never accept the baptism that brings forgiveness of sins but would create a substitute for themselves. For the prophet says, “Be astonished, heaven, and let the earth shudder greatly at this, because this people has done two evil things: they have abandoned me, the fountain of life, and they have dug for themselves a pit of death.” EPISTLE OF BARNABAS 11.1-2.