Толкование Евангелие от Луки 18 глава 0 стих - Экзегет

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Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 1-1

THE fountain of every blessing is Christ; "Who of God was also made unto us wisdom:" for in Him we are made wise, and filled with spiritual gifts. Now any one who is right-minded will affirm that the knowledge of those things by means of which we may prosper in every method of saintly excellence of life, and advance in virtue, is God's gift, and one well worthy of our winning. And we find one who asked it of God, saying, "Show me Your ways, O Lord: and teach me Your paths." Now the paths which lead those onward to an uncorrupt life, who eagerly advance therein, are indeed numerous; but one, which especially benefits those who practise it, is prayer: and the Saviour was Himself careful to teach us by the parable now set before us, that we must make diligent use of it. "For He spoke, it says, a parable unto them, to the intent that men ought always to pray, and must not grow weary." For it is, I affirm, the duty of those who set apart their lives for His service, not to be sluggish in their prayers, nor again to consider it as a hard and laborious duty: but rather to rejoice, because of the freedom of access granted them by God; for He would have us converse with Him as sons with a father. Is not this then a privilege worthy of being valued by us most highly? For suppose that some one of those possessed of great earthly power were easy of access to us, and were to permit us to converse with him with full license, should we not consider it as a reason for extraordinary rejoicing? What possible doubt can there be of this? When therefore God permits us each one to offer our addresses unto Him for whatever we wish, and has set before those who fear Him an honour so truly great and worthy of their gaining, let all slothfulness cease that would lead men to an injurious silence therein; and rather let us draw near with praises, and rejoicing that we have been commanded to converse with the Lord and God of all, having Christ as our Mediator, who with God the Father grants us the accomplishment of our supplications. For the blessed Paul somewhere writes, "Grace be unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and from our Lord Jesus Christ." And He somewhere Himself said to the holy apostles, "Hitherto you have asked nothing in My Name: ask, and it shall be given unto you." For He is our Mediator, our Propitiation, our Comforter, and the Bestower of every request, it is our duty therefore to "pray without ceasing," according to the words of the blessed Paul, as well knowing, and being thoroughly assured, that He Whom we supplicate is able to accomplish all things. "For let a man, it says, ask in faith, in nothing divided: for he who is divided is like a wave of the sea, troubled and blown about by the wind. For let not, it says, that man think that he will receive anything of the Lord." For he that is divided is really guilty of mockery: for if you do not believe that He will incline unto you, and gladden you, and fulfil your request, do not draw near to Him at all, lest you be found an accuser of the Almighty, in that you foolishly art divided. We must avoid therefore so base a malady.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 2-6

But that God will incline His ear to those who offer Him their prayers, not carelessly nor negligently, but with earnestness and constancy, the present parable assures us. For if the constant coining of the oppressed widow prevailed upon the unjust judge, who feared not God, neither had any shame at men, so that even against his will he granted her redress, how shall not He Who loves mercy, and hates iniquity, and Who ever gives His helping hand to them that love Him, accept those who draw near to Him day and night, and avenge them as being His elect?

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 2-7

Настойчивость вдовы

Эта притча убеждает нас в том, что Бог склоняет Свое ухо к тем, кто возносит к Нему молитвы, не небрежно или невнимательно, но с упорством и постоянством. Постоянные посещения угнетаемой вдовы покорили неправедного судью, который Бога не боялся и людей не стыдился (Лк 18:2). Даже против своей воли он удовлетворил ее просьбу. Как Тот, Кто любит милосердие и ненавидит несправедливость и Который всегда протягивает руку помощи любящим Его, принимает вопиющих к Нему день и ночь (Лк 18:7), не воздаст тем, кто прибег к Нему?


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 119\

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 3-3

Мы обращаемся в своих молитвах к Тому, Кто может спасти нас и избавить нас от нечестия внутреннего: защити меня от соперника моего (Лк 18:3). Единородный Логос Божий действительно сделал это, вочеловечившись. Он освободил нас от власти князя мира сего, принял и спас нас и поставил нас под иго Своего Царствия. Самое лучшее — обращаться к Богу с постоянной молитвой, потому что Христос получит наши молитвы и выполнит наши просьбы.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 119.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 7-7

But come now, and let us examine who it is that offend against them: for the examination of this question will beget much that is of profit to all who are well taught. For very many, and those of various classes, offend against the saints. For the holy ministers and teachers, who rightly divide the word of truth, are assailed by all who are the truth's enemies; men ignorant of the sacred doctrines, and estranged from all uprightness, who walk in the crooked path, remote from the straight and royal road. Such are the impure and polluted gangs of heretics, whom one may justly call the gates of destruction, the snares of hell, the pitfalls of the devil, the slough of destruction. These bring persecutions and distresses upon such as walk uprightly in the faith; and just as men drunk with wine, and unable to stand, take hold often of those near them, that they may not fall to the earth alone, so also those, as being lame and halt, often bring to ruin with them those who are not steadfast. Against such men must all who are known of God make supplications, imitating the holy apostles, who, calling out against the wickedness of the Jews, said, "And now, Lord, behold their threatenings, and grant unto Your servants that with freedom of speech they may declare Your word." But perchance some one will say, 'But lo! Christ somewhere said to the holy apostles, "Love your enemies: pray for them who use you despitefully:" how then can we cry out against them, without despising the divine command?' To this we answer, Shall we then pray that boldness and power may be given them by God, that they may more strenuously attack those who praise His doings, not permitting them to teach, and resisting the glory of Him to Whom we address the supplication? But how would not this be thorough folly? Whenever therefore offences are committed by any against us personally, let us immediately even count it our glory to be forgiving towards them, and full of mutual love; and imitating the holy fathers, even though they smite and scorn us, yes, even though they inflict violence upon us of every kind, let us free them from all blame, and be superior both to wrath and vexation. Such glorying becomes the saints, and is pleasing to God. But when any sin against the glory of God, heaping up wars and distresses against those who are the ministers of the divine message, then indeed let us at once draw near unto God, beseeching His aid, and crying out against those who resist His glory: just as also the mighty Moses did; for he said, "Arise, O Lord, and let Your enemies be scattered, and let all those who hate Your Name flee away." And the prayer also uttered by the holy apostles shows, that it is not without advantage for the success of the divine message for the hand, so to speak, of the persecutors to be weakened. "For behold, they say, their threatenings," that is, prove their opposition to be in vain, and grant unto "Your servants, that with freedom of speech they may speak Your word."

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 8-8

But that men would make merchandize of the word of uprightness, and prevail on many to abandon a sound faith, involving them in the inventions of devilish error, and "belching forth, as Scripture says, things out of their own hearts, and not out of the mouth of the Lord," He foretold, saying, "When the Son of man comes, shall He find faith upon the earth?" It escaped not His knowledge: how could it, seeing that He is God Who knows all things? He tells us then, to use his own words, that "the love of many will grow cold," and that "in the latter times some shall depart from a correct and blameless faith, going after seducing spirits, and giving heed to the false words of men who are seared in mind." Against whom we draw near unto God as faithful servants, praying Him that their wickedness, and their attempts against His glory, may be brought to no effect. And others also there are who wrong the servants of God, and whom we may without sin attack in prayer. And who again are these? They are the evil and opposing powers, and Satan the adversary of us all, who fiercely resists those who would live well; who casts into the pitfalls of wickedness whoever slumbers; who plants in us the seeds of every sin. For with his satellites he presses upon us furiously. And on this account the Psalmist called out against them, saying, "How long set you yourselves against man? and you slay all of you, as it were a leaning wall, and a bowing fence." For just as a wall that already leans on one side, and a fence that bows over as having been loosened, readily fall when any one pushes against them, so also the mind of man, by reason of its own great inclination of itself to the love of worldly pleasures, readily falls into them whenever any one draws and entices it thereto. And this is Satan's business: and therefore we say in our prayers to Him Who is able to save, and to drive away from us that wicked being, "Avenge me of my adversary." And this the Only-begotten Word of God has indeed done by having become Man: for He has ejected from his tyranny over us the ruler of this world, and has delivered and saved us, and put us under the yoke of His kingdom. Excellent therefore is it to make request by constant prayer; for Christ will receive our supplications, and fulfil our petitions: by Whom and with Whom, to God the Father, be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 8-8

Сохранение веры

Люди продают слово правды и заставляют многих уклониться от твердой веры, вовлекая их в совершение роковых ошибок. Как говорит Писание, они изрыгают их из своих собственных сердец, а не из уст Бога. Он предсказал это, говоря: Но Сын Человеческий,, придя, найдет ли веру на земле ? (Лк 18:8). Это не ускользнуло от Его ведения. Потому как не может такого быть, ведь Он Бог, Который знает все. Он Сам говорит нам, что любовь многих станет холодной. В конце времен те, которые уклонятся от правильной и безупречной веры, поддадутся соблазнам и будут слушать слова людей, сожженных в своей совести. Противясь им, мы идем к Богу как верные слуги, моля Его, чтобы их нечестие и их потуги, направленные против Его славы, не возымели результата.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 119

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 9-9

You who love instruction, and are eager to listen, receive once again the sacred words: delight yourselves in the honey of wisdom; for so it is written, "Good words are honeycombs, and their sweetness is the healing of the soul." For the labour of the bees is very sweet, and benefits in many ways the soul of man: but the divine and saving (honey) makes those in whom it dwells skilful in every good work, and teaches them the ways of (spiritual) improvement. Let us therefore, as I said, receive again in mind and heart the Saviour's words. For He teaches us in what manner we ought to make our requests unto Him, in order that the act may not prove unrewarded to them who practise it; and that no one may anger God, the bestower of gifts from on high, by means of those very things by which he imagines that he shall gain some benefit. For it is written. "There is a righteous man, who perishes in his righteousness."

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 10-10

For see, I pray, an instance of this clearly painted, so to speak, in the parable set before us. One who prayed is condemned because he did not offer his prayer wisely. "For two men, it says, went up unto the temple to pray, the one a Pharisee, and the other a publican." And here we must admire the wise arrangement of Christ our common Saviour, in all things whatsoever He does and says. For by the parable previously read to us, He called us to diligence, and to the duty of offering prayer constantly: for the Evangelist said, "And He spoke unto them also a parable, to the intent that men ought always to pray, and must not grow weary." Having then urged them to diligence in constant prayer, yet, as I said, lest by doing so sedulously but without discretion, we should enrage Him Whom we supplicate, He very excellently shows us in what way we ought to be diligent in prayer. "Two men then, He says, went up unto the temple to pray." Observe here, I pray, the impartiality and entire fairness of the unerring Nature: for He calls those who were praying men, since He looks not so much at wealth or power; but regarding their natural equality, He considers all those who dwell upon earth as men, and as in no respect different from one another.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 10-12

Осуждение высокомерия

Что толку в том, что человек постится два раза в неделю, если это только повод для невежества и тщеславия и делает его гордым, надменным и эгоистичным? Ты отдаешь десятую часть из всего, что приобретаешь и похваляешься этим. Другими словами, ты навлекаешь на себя гнев Божий, поскольку тем самым ты осуждаешь и обвиняешь других людей. Ты распаляешься, хотя не увенчан еще божественным приговором о своей праведности. А вместо того сам осыпаешь себя похвалами. Ты говоришь: я не таков, как прочие люди (Лк 18:11). Умерь себя, фарисей. Поставь дверь и запри свой язык. Ты обращаешь речь к Богу, Который ведает все. Дождись приговора Судии. Ни один из тех, кто искусен в борьбе, не коронует себя. Никто также не получает награду от самого себя, а ждет решения судьи... Умерь свою гордыню, потому как высокомерие обличаемо Богом и ненавистно Ему. Это чуждо сознанию, боящемуся Бога. Иисус даже говорит: Не судите, да не судимы будете; ибо каким судом судите, таким будете судимы (Мф 7:1-2). Один из Его учеников тоже говорит: Один Законодатель и Судья... а ты кто, который судишь другого? (Иак 4:12). Никто, находясь в добром здравии, не станет смеяться над больным, прикованным к постели. Он, скорее всего, убоится стать жертвой того же недуга. Человек в сражении, из-за того что другой повержен, не возвеличивает себя, чтобы избежать несчастья. Слабость других не является причиной награды для тех, кто здоров.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 120

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 11-12

And what then was the manner of their prayer? "The Pharisee, it says, prayed thus to himself. God, I thank You that I am not like the rest of mankind, extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or as this publican." Many at once are the faults of the Pharisee: for first of all he is boastful, and without sense; for he praises himself, although the sacred Scripture cries aloud, "Let a neighbour praise you, and not your own mouth: a stranger and not your own lips." But, O excellent sir, one may well say to him, Behold, those who live in the practice of good and holy actions, as any one may see, are not very ready to listen to the words of flatterers: yes, and even if men extol them, they often are covered with shame, and drop their eyes to the ground, and beg silence of those that praise them. But this shameless Pharisee praises and extols himself because he is better than extortioners, and the unjust, and adulterers. But how did it escape your notice, that a man's being better than the bad does not necessarily and of course prove him to be worthy of admiration: but that to vie with those who habitually excel, is a noble and honourable thing, and admits a man into the number of those who are justly praised. Our virtue therefore must not be contaminated with fault, but must be single-minded and blameless, and free from all that can bring reproach. For what profit is there in fasting twice in the week, if your so doing serve only as a pretext for ignorance and vanity, and make you supercilious and haughty, and selfish? You tithe your possessions, and make a boast thereof: but you in another way provoke God's anger, by condemning men generally on this account, and accusing others; and you are yourself puffed up, though not crowned by the divine decree for righteousness, but heap, on the contrary, praises upon yourself. "For I am not, he says, as the rest of mankind." Moderate yourself, O Pharisee: "put a door to your tongue, and a lock." You speak to God Who knows all things. Await the decree of the Judge. None of those skilled in the practice of wrestling ever crowns himself: nor does any man receive the crown of himself, but awaits the summons of the arbiter. Lower your pride: for arrogance is both accursed and hated by God. Although therefore you fast with puffed up mind, your so doing will not avail you: your labour will be unrewarded; for you have mingled dung with your perfume. Even according to the law of Moses a sacrifice that had a blemish was not capable of being offered to God: for it was said unto him, "Of sheep, and ox, that is offered for sacrifice, there must be no blemish therein." Since therefore your fasting is accompanied by pride, you must expect to hear God saying, "This is not the fast that I have chosen, says the Lord." You offer tithes: but you wrong in another way Him Who is honoured by you, in that you condemn men generally. This is an act foreign to the mind that fears God: for Christ even said, "Judge not, and you shall not be judged: condemn not, and you shall not be condemned." And one also of His disciples said, "There is one Lawgiver, and Judge: why then do you judge your neighbour?" No man because he is in health ridicules one who is sick for being laid up and bedridden: rather he is afraid, lest perchance he become himself the victim of similar sufferings. Nor does any man in battle, because another has fallen, praise himself for having escaped from misfortune. For the infirmity of others is not a fit subject for praise for those who are in health: nay, even if any one be found of more than usually vigorous health, even then scarcely does he gain glory thereby. Such then was the state of the self-loving Pharisee. 

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But what of the publican? He stood, it says, "afar off," not even venturing, so to speak, to raise up his eyes on high. You see him abstaining from all boldness of speech, as having no right thereto, and smitten by the reproaches of conscience: for he was afraid of being even seen by God, as one who had been careless of His laws, and had led an unchaste and dissolute life. You see also that by his external manner, he accuses his own depravity. For the foolish Pharisee stood there bold and broad, lifting up his eyes without scruple, bearing witness of himself, and boastful. But the other feels shame at his conduct: he is afraid of his Judge, he smites upon his breast, he confesses his offences, he shows his malady as to the Physician, he prays that he may have mercy.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 13-14

Оправдание мытаря

Сказано, что мытарь, стоя вдали, не смел даже поднять глаз на небо (Лк 18:13). Он воздерживается от всяких непотребных речей. Он кажется лишенным права говорить, обличаем укорами совести. Он боялся, что Бог видел, как он небрежно исполнял законы и вел постыдную и беспорядочную жизнь. Он сам внутри себя обвиняет свою собственную греховность. Неразумный же фарисей стоял там дерзко и открыто, без сомнения поднимая свои глаза, выставляя себя и хвалясь. Первый испытывает стыд за свое поведение. Он боится Его суда. Ударяет себя в грудь. Признает свои согрешения. Показывает свою болезнь, как врачу, и молит Его, чтобы Он был милостив. И что в итоге? Послушаем, что говорит Судья. Он говорит: сей пошел оправданным в дом свой более, нежели тот (Лк 18:14).


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 120

 

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 14-14

And what is the result? Let us hear what the Judge says, "This man, He says, went down to his house justified rather than the other." Let us therefore "pray without ceasing," according to the expression of the blessed Paul: but let us be careful to do so aright. The love of self is displeasing to God, and He rejects empty haughtiness and a proud look, puffed up often on account of that which is by no means excellent. And even if a man be good and sober, let him not on this account suffer himself to fall away into shameful pride: but rather let him remember Christ, Who says to the holy apostles, "When you have done all those things, those namely which have been commanded you, say, We are unprofitable servants, we have done that which was our duty to do.'' For we owe unto God over all, as from the yoke of necessity, the service of slaves, and ready obedience in all things. Yes, though you lead an excellent and elect life, don't exact wages from the Lord; but rather ask of Him a gift. As being good, He will promise it you: as a loving Father, He will aid you. Restrain not yourself then from saying, "God be merciful to me the sinner." Remember Him Who says by the voice of Isaiah, "Declare you your sins first, that you may be justified:" remember too that He rebukes those who will not do so, and says, "Behold, I have a judgment against you, because you say 'I have not sinned'." Examine the words of the saints: for one says, "The righteous is the accuser of himself in the beginning of his words." And another again, "I said, I will confess against myself my transgression unto the Lord: and you forgave the iniquity of my heart." What answer then will those make to this, who embrace the new tenets of Novatus, and say of themselves that they are pure? Whose prayer do they praise? That of the Pharisee, who acquitted himself, or that of the Publican, who accused himself? If they say that of the Pharisee, they resist the divine sentence; for he was condemned as being boastful: but if that of the Publican, why do they refuse to acknowledge their own impurity? Certainly God justifies those who know well their transgressions, and are willing to confess them: but these men will have the portion of the Pharisee. We then say, that in many things we "all of us offend," and that no man is pure from uncleanness, even though his life upon earth be but one day. Let us ask then of God mercy; which if we do, Christ will justify us: by Whom and with Whom, to God the Father, be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen. 

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 15-15

EVERY manner of benefit does Christ weave for us, and opens wide the pathways of salvation. For His purpose is to save the dwellers upon earth, and produce in them a knowledge of the pursuits of piety, and make them skilful in all virtue, that they may be acceptable, being filled with spiritual fruitfulness. Let us see therefore what benefit He begets in us by what has just been read. For you have heard the holy Evangelist saying, "That they brought unto Him infants that He should touch them: and when the disciples prevented them, He took them and said, Suffer them to come unto Me, and hinder them not: for of such is the kingdom of God." It was their mothers who brought the babes, desiring His blessing, and begging for their infants the touch of His holy hand. But the blessed disciples rebuked them for so doing, not because they envied the babes, but rather as paying to Him as their teacher a due respect, and preventing, so to speak, unnecessary fatigues, and as setting much value upon order. And infants even to the present time are brought near and blessed by Christ by means of consecrated hands: and the pattern of the act continues even until this day, and descends unto us from the custom of Christ as its fountain. Only the bringing near of infants takes not place now in an unbecoming or disorderly manner, but with proper order, and sobriety and fear. 

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 15-15

Иисус и дети

Матери приносили своих детей. Они хотели благословения Иисуса и просили, чтобы Он коснулся их младенцев Своей святой рукой. Блаженные же ученики Его возбраняли им это (Лк 18:15), но не потому, что завидовали детям; скорее всего, они отдавали Ему дань уважения как Своему учителю и защищали Его от излишней усталости. Они придавали много значения порядку.

Даже до сего дня младенцы приносятся и благословляются Христом путем наложения освященных рук. Традиция этого действа продолжается вплоть до наших дней и дошла до нас со времен Христа как своего источника. Только сейчас приношение младенцев происходит не в неподобающей или неорганизованной манере, а в надлежащем порядке, торжественно и с почтением.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 121
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Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 16-17

Since then Christ has said, "Suffer the little children to come unto Me, and hinder them not; for of such is the kingdom of God," come then, yes come, and let us carefully examine, what sort of persons those must be, who desire eternal life, and are enamoured of the kingdom of heaven. For some one forsooth may say, 'What is there in babes that is worthy of emulation? Is it their want of firmness and intelligence? And how then is it not incredible, to affirm or imagine anything of the kind?' Christ however does not wish us to be without understanding, but would have us perfectly know every thing that is useful and necessary for our salvation. For wisdom even promises that she will give "to them that are simple, craftiness, and to the young the beginning of sense and understanding." And she is found also in the book of Proverbs like one that raises her voice on high and says, "You, O men, do I beseech, and utter my voice unto the sons of men: understand, O you simple ones craftiness, and you fools, put a heart within you." It follows therefore, that the fool has no heart, and is deficient in craftiness; not in that which is blamable, how could that be? but in that which is praiseworthy. But how a man may at once be both simple and crafty, the Saviour Himself elsewhere explains to us, saying, "Be you crafty as serpents, and simple as doves." And similarly the blessed Paul also writes, "My brethren, be you not children in your minds: but in wickedness be you babes, and in your minds grown men." It is necessary however to examine, what is the meaning of being babes in wickedness, and how a man becomes so, but in mind a grown man. A babe then, as knowing either very little, or nothing at all, is justly acquitted of the charge of depravity and wickedness: and so it is also our duty to endeavour to be like them in the very same way, by putting entirely away from us habits of wickedness, that we too may be regarded as men who do not even know the pathway which leads unto guile, but who, unconscious of malice and fraud, live in a simple and innocent manner, practising gentleness, and a priceless humility, and readily forbearing from wrath andspitefulness. For such we affirm are the qualities found in those who are still babes. But while such is our character in simplicity and innocence, we must be perfect in mind; having our understanding firmly established in the clear knowledge of Him Who by nature and in truth is the Creator of the Universe, and God and Lord: acknowledging along with Him no other God whatsoever, new, and falsely so named: and avoiding as that which would bring upon us perdition, the being seduced into the abandonment of Him by the adoption of the customs of the heathen. Our mind then must be firmly fixed, so to speak, and safe, and unwavering in holding unto the living and true God: and we must further also flee far away from other pitfalls, and withdraw from the stumbling-blocks of the devil; for such those men are, who corrupt the orthodox doctrine respecting God, and falsify the truth, and lift up their horn on high, and speak wickedly against God. For they belch forth things out of their own heart, and lead astray the souls of the simple, warring against the glory of the Only-begotten Son of God, and saying that He is to be numbered among things created, whereas it was by Him that they all were brought into existence. And bringing down severe and inevitable condemnation upon their own heady, they fear not to say the very same things also against the Holy Spirit. Whosoever then says of them that they are the gates of hell, errs not from the mark. And the wise Paul also protests unto us, that we must turn away our faces from such, men: "For if, he says, any one preach unto you other than that you have received, let him be accursed." The chief perfection therefore of the mind is to be established in the faith, and for our understanding to be uncorrupted therein: and the second, which neighbours upon this chief perfection, and is akin to it, and its constant companion, is the clear knowledge of that way of conduct which pleases God, and is taught us in the Gospel, and is perfect and blameless. Those who travel thereon lead a life of simplicity and innocence, while nevertheless they know what opinions they ought to hold, and what acts are right for them to do. These enter in by the narrow gate, refusing neither those labours which piety unto God requires, nor such as are necessary for leading a glorious life. And so they duly advance into the broadness of the abundance which is in God, and rejoice in His gifts, and win for themselves the kingdom of heaven by Christ; by Whom and with Whom, to God the Father, be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen. 

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 16-17

Уподобление детям

Что есть в младенцах такого, что заслуживает ревностного подражания? Неужели нетвёрдость мыслей и неразумие? Так разве не является невероятным, чтобы Он сказал нечто подобное этому? Или Он скорее захочет, чтобы мы были рассудительны? Ведь Христос желает нам не того, чтобы мы были без разума, но чтобы прекрасно знали каждую вещь из тех, что полезны и необходимы для спасения. Ибо и Премудрость исповедует, что даёт незлобивым хитроумие, a юному отроку - понимание и рассудительность (Притч 1:4). <...> Тогда как же действительно бывает кто-то одновременно и незлобивым, и хитроумным? Разрешает нам этот вопрос Сам Спаситель, говоря в другом месте: Будьте разумны как змеи и бесхитростны как голуби (Мф 10:16, еп. Касси- ан). Сходное с этим пишет и блаженный Павел: Братья, не будьте детьми по разуму, на злое будьте младенцами, но по разуму будьте совершенными (1 Кор 14:20, еп. Кассиан). Поэтому необходимо исследовать, что означает быть младенцами для злобы и как бывают совершенными разумом. Так вот, младенец, зная совсем немногое, или вовсе ничего не зная, справедливо будет свободен от обвинения в порочности и лукавстве. Следовательно, подобает и нам стремиться к уподоблению им тем же способом и совершенно отбросить лукавые обычаи, чтобы видно было, что мы даже не знаем того пути, который ведёт нас к обману, но располагаемся как бы в неведении всякого вида лукавства и хитрости, проводя жизнь простую и незлобивую; добиваемся усвоить себе кротость и смирение и с лёгкостью отвращаемся от гнева и печали. Ибо это, говорим мы, обретается в тех, которые всё ещё являются младенцами.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 121.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 18-18

THOSE who believe that the Word, Who shone forth from the very substance of God the Father, is by nature and truly God, draw near to Him as unto an omniscient God, Who, as the Psalmist says, "tries the hearts and reins;" and sees all that passes in us: "for all things are naked, and spread out before His eyes," according to the expression of the blessed Paul. But we do not find the Jewish multitudes thus disposed: for they with their princes and teachers were in error, and saw not with the eyes of their mind the glory of Christ. Rather they looked upon Him as one like unto us: as a mere man, I mean; and not as God rather, Who had become man. They approached Him therefore to make trial of Him, and lay for Him the nets of their craftiness. And this you may learn by what has now been read. For a ruler, it says, asked Him, saying, "Good teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?" And Jesus said unto him, "Why do you call Me good? None is good but one, God." Now he, who is here called a Ruler, and who fancied himself to be learned in the law, and supposed that he had been accurately taught therein, imagined that he could convict Christ of dishonouring the commandment spoken by the most wise Moses, and of introducing laws of His own. For it was the object of the Jews to prove that Christ opposed and resisted the former commandments, to establish, as I said, new laws, of His own authority, in opposition to those previously existing, that their wicked conduct towards Him might have a specious pretext, he draws near therefore, and makes pretence of speaking kindly: for he calls Him Teacher, and styles Him Good, and professes himself desirous of being a disciple. For "what, he says, shall I do to inherit eternal life?" Observe therefore how he mixes up flattery with fraud and deceit, like one who mingles wormwood with honey: for he supposed that he could in this way deceive Him. Of such men one of the holy prophets said, "Their tongue is a piercing lance: the words of their mouth are deceitful. To his neighbour he speaks peacefully: but there is enmity in his soul." And again the wise Psalmist also thus speaks of them: "Their mouth is full of cursing and bitterness." And again, "Their words are smoother than oil: and yet are they spears."

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 18-18

Лесть и обман

Толпы иудеев... заблуждались вместе со своими начальниками и учителями, ибо они не видели очами ума славы Христа, но, скорее, смотрели на Него как на одного из таких, как мы: я имею в виду, как на простого человека, а вовсе не как на Бога, Который вочеловечился. Поэтому они приближались к Нему, искушая и расставляя сети хитрых своих уловок... Тот, кто называется здесь начальником, составляя себе мнение о знании закона и предполагая, что он в нём точен, думал, что может изобличить Христа в том, что Тот пренебрегает заповедью, которая была изречена через премудрого Моисея, и вводит Свои законы.

Ибо целью у иудеев было показать, что Христос противостоит и противоборствует прежним заповедям, поскольку новые и собственные законы, как сказал я, эти Свои Он ставил в противоположность тем, прежним, чтобы у них был благовидный предлог иметь нечестивое мнение о Нём. Итак, он подходит и делает вид, что говорит благожелательно, ведь он называет Его Учителем и именует благим, и объявляет, что хочет быть учеником, ибо говорит: что мне делать, чтобы наследовать жизнь вечную? (Лк 18:18). Итак, смотри, как обманом и коварством сплетает он льстивые речи и как с мёдом смешивает горечь. Ведь он полагал, что так сможет ввести Его в заблуждение.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 122

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 18-23

 Но, не понеся тяжести заповеди и ослабев в добродетели, не находит законник в себе силы исполнить повеленное.«Отиде, — говорит Писание, — скорбя» . Разве здесь был подходящий момент для богословия? Ведь для вопросившего «что сотворив...», Он и Сам будет в числе спасаемых. Ведь он вопросил, что сотворив, он и сам будет причислен к спасаемым. Какой же резон прежде открывать ему не то, что он искал узнать, но говорить нечто иное, нежели то, чего он страстно желал? Как же было возможно того, кто был не в силах понести бремя одной евангельской заповеди, учить превышающему всё таинству, когда он так ослабел в своем устремлении к благу, что на словах не мог сего вместить? Ибо он опечалился, как написано.  


Источник

Книга сокровищ о Святой и Единосущной Троице. Слово 10

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 19-19

Черновой перевод с английского
Таким образом, он льстит Иисусу и пытается обмануть Его, притворяясь, что благо расположен к Нему. И что отвечает Всеведущий, Который, "как написано: «уловляет мудрых в лукавстве их»." (1 Кор. 3:19)? "Что ты называешь Меня благим? никто не благ, как только один Бог." Видишь, как Он доказал, что тот не мудр и в то же время не учён, хотя и начальник синагоги иудейской. Ибо если, Он говорит, ты не верил, что Я Бог, и одеяние плоти ввело тебя в заблуждение, почему ты прилагаешь ко мне эпитеты, подобающие только высшей природе, тогда как всё же предполагаешь, что Я простой человек, как и ты, не превышающий пределов человеческой природы? У природы, превысшей всего, именно у одного Бога, имеется свойство быть благим по природе и неизменно: но ангелы и мы на земле благи по подобию Ему, или, скорее, по причастию Его. Ибо Он есть кто Он есть, и это Его имя (Исх. 3:14) и приснопамятное утверждение для всех поколений; но мы существуем и приводимся в бытие, когда нас делает причастниками Его Тот, Кто истинно существует: так что Он воистину благ, или благ абсолютно, но ангелы и люди благи, только когда делаются, как я сказал, причастниками благого Бога. Пусть поэтому благость будет отнесена к одному Богу, как Его особенное качество, существенная принадлежность Его природы, отличительный признак. Если, однако. говорит Он, ты не считаешь Меня истинным Богом, тогда ты невежественно и глупо относишь ко Мне свойства и добродетели Божественной природы, в то самое время, когда ты представляешь Меня простым человеком, который не облечён в благость, свойство Неизменной природы, а лишь приобретает её с согласия Божественной воли. Итак, вот смысл сказанного Христом.

Но, возможно, не согласятся с верностью этого объяснения те, кто извратил умы, разделяя нечестие Ария. Ибо они делают Сына низшим по сравнению с превосходством и славой Бога Отца, или, скорее, оспаривают, что Он Сын; ибо они и отвергают Его бытие Богом по природе и истинно, и отрицают, что Он истинно был рождён, да верят люди, что Он также равен по существу Тому, Кто родил Его. Ибо они утверждают, как если бы нашли основание для их богохульства из отрывка, который мы сегодня читаем: "Вот, Он ясно и выразительно отрицает, что Он благ, и не считает это подобающим никому иному, кроме Бога Отца: но если бы Он был равен Ему по существу и произошёл от Него по природе, как Он может не быть благ, если Он Бог?"

Вот ответ нашим противникам. Так как здравое и точное рассуждение признает сына единосущным отцу, как же Он не благ, ведь Он Бог? Ведь Он не может не быть Богом, если Он единосущен Тому, Кто по природе Бог. Ибо, конечно, не будут они утверждать - впрочем, кто знает, в насколько крайнюю дерзость они впали - что от благого отца произошёл сын, который не благ. Ведь на это мы имеем собственное свидетельство Спасителя, Который говорит так: "Не может дерево доброе приносить плоды худые" (Мф. 7:18). Как от доброго корня вырос злой росток? Или как из сладкого источника может течь горькая вода? Разве было время, когда не было Отца, ввиду того, что Он Отец вечно? Но Он Отец потому, что родил, и по этой причине носит такое имя, и не как кто-нибудь, кто заимствует это звание по сходству с иным лицом. Ибо от Него "именуется всякое отечество на небесах и на земле" (Еф. 3:15). Таким образом, заключаем, что плод благого Отца - благой Сын.

И иначе: как премудрый Павел говорит, "Он есть образ Бога невидимого" (Кол. 1:15): а образ, потому что Он являет в Собственной природе красоту Того, Кто родил Его. Итак, как можно видеть в Сыне, который не благ, Отца, который по природе и истинно благ? "Он есть сияние и подобие Его лица (ср. Евр. 1:3), но если Он не благ, как твердит бессмысленный еретик, а Отец по природе благ, то это сияние отлично по природе и не обладает великолепием Того, Кто повелел ему сиять. И подобие также поддельно, или, скорее, нет вообще никакого подобия: ибо оно представляет не Того, Чьё это подобие, если все должны допустить, что тот, кто не благ, противоположен тому, кто благ.

Можно сказать и многое другое против них по этому вопросу: но так как наше рассуждение может затянуться до непомерной долготы и стать для кого-либо обременительным, сейчас мы ничего больше не скажем и словно уздой обуздаем нашу ревность в этом отношении; но на нашей следующей встрече продолжим объяснение смысла отрывка из Евангелия, если Христу будет угодно снова собрать нас здесь: через Него и с Ним Богу Отцу слава и держава со Святым Духом, во веки веков, Аминь.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 19-19

Благость Бога

Но что же Тот, Кто всё знает, Кто уловляет мудрецов их же лукавством (Иов 5:13), как написано? Что ты называешь Меня благим ? Никто не благ, как только один Бог (Лк 18:19). Ты видишь, как Он тотчас показывает, что он не является ни мудрым, ни сведущим, этот начальник иудейской синагоги. Ведь если Ты не веришь, говорит Он, что Я являюсь Богом, но тебя ввёл в заблуждение покров  плоти, тогда почему то, что приличествует одной только высочайшей природе, приписал ты Мне, Которого посчитал человеком таким, как ты, то есть простым и не превосходящим меры человечества? У той природы, что превосходит всё, а это означает, у одного только Бога, обретается то, чтобы быть по природе и неизменяемо благим. <...> Но если, говорит Он, тебе не думается, что Я поистине являюсь Богом, то глупо и невежественно приписал ты Мне свойства и достоинства Божественной природы, считая, что Я благ постольку, поскольку Я простой человек, который не как плодом неизменяемой природы облечён благостью, но, скорее, приобрёл её по мановению Божественной воли. Такова была цель сказанного Христом.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 122

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 19-19

Как бы из возражения последователей Евномия. Если единосущен, говорит евномианин, Сын Отцу, то что же и Он не так же благ, как Отец? Ибо негде говорит некоему человеку Христос: «Что Мя глаголеши блага? Никтоже благ, токмо един Бог». Сказав же «един», Он Себя поставил вне, как тоже, конечно, благого, но не настолько, как Отец.
Опровержение на это. Когда божественное Писание называет Сына Господом, ты согласишься, что и Он — тоже Господь, причем поистине, или ко всему прочему будешь отрицать и это? Если скажешь, что Он не есть Господь, то ты мудрствуешь противно божественным Писаниям и глаголавшему это Духу. Согласившись же и сказав, что Он есть Господь, ты себя самого обличишь в нечестии, так как и Господом зовешь, и поклоняешься Тому, Кого не считаешь единосущным Богу и Отцу, и скорее служишь твари, чем Богу по природе. Ведь то, что иной сущности, нежели Сущий Бог, не будет по природе Богом. И сему свидетель божественное Писание, гласящее:«Господь Бог наш, Господь един есть» (Втор. 6:4), ибо одна природа Божества. И о том, что ей одной подобает поклоняться, послушай паки: «Господу Богу твоему поклонишися и Тому единому послужиши» (Мф. 4:10). Итак, если из-за того, что «единым благим» называется Бог и Отец, Сын отпадает от того, чтобы быть столь же благим, как и Отец, то и из-за того, что единым Богом и Господом зовется Отец, Сын отпадает от того, чтобы быть Богом и Господом, по логике мысли. Как же ты тогда поклоняешься Тому, Кто не Бог и не Господь? Если же, при том что Отец есть Бог и Господь, с Ним приводится и Сын, обладающий отсюда отличительным свойством как из Него по природе сущий, и является вместе с Отцом Господом и Богом, то Он всяко будет иметь и то, чтобы быть благим, как Отец, так как отличительное свойство Отца также присутствует в Нем, как и в Оном.
ИНОЕ. Много и об Отце, и о Сыне говорят божественные Писания, и различие имен не приводит непременно к тому, что у Них разделяется и логос сущности, так, чтобы через это между Ними нашлось место для какого-либо неподобия. Ибо есть единое Божество Отца и Сына, хотя бы каждый из Них и обозначался разнообразными именами, не как имеющий что-то особенное и Сам по Себе, что не присуще Другому, но так, что в отношении обоих может пониматься всё, что говорится касательно одного из Них, за исключением только лишь именования Отца и Сына и соответствующего этому именованию дела. Ибо Отец есть всегда Отец, и никогда Ему не стать Сыном; и Сын всегда есть Сын, и никогда не будет Отцом. Если же кто захочет сказать, что не может пониматься в отношении обоих какое-либо именование, которое может быть отнесено к одному, то попадет в великую беду. Ибо что он будет делать, когда услышит Павла, говорящего: «Един Бог Отец, из Негоже вся; и един Господь Иисус Христос, Имже вся» (1 Кор. 8:6)? Ибо вот, он усвоил Отцу то, чтобы быть Богом и Единым; а Сыну — быть Господом и Единым. Значит ли, что теперь Сын потому не будет Богом, что Отец наименован Богом и Единым, а Отец не будет Господом, поскольку Господом и Единым назван Сын? Но это не так, да не будет! Ибо при том, что Богом является Отец, то Бог и Сын; и наоборот, при том, что Господом является Сын, Отец—Господь. Но если бы было некое различие, разграничивающее двоицу и не позволяющего ей соединиться по природе в тождестве, не было бы, думаю, наименование одного присуще другому в собственном смысле. Но поскольку всё, что принадлежит Отцу, является в Сыне, а принадлежащее Сыну, в свою очередь, — в Отце, так что никакой логос не разрывает тождество, то будет и Он благим, как Отец, и поэтому — единосущным.
<75.117> ИНОЕ. Которые лишены природного по отношению друг к другу общения и тождества, тех, конечно же, и некая взаимная чуждость отличительных особенностей (ξενισμός τις ιδιοτήτων) отделяет от природной связи друг с другом. Ибо у человека по отношению к лошади — чуждые свойства; а лошади, в свою очередь, — по отношению к человеку, — не то же самое особым образом присуще. Итак, если некая природная удаленность отделяет Сына и показывает Его чуждым Отчей сущности, то как Он явится носящим в Себе свойства Отца? Как и Отец, если Он действительно по природе чужд Сыну, носит в Себе Его свойства? Ибо истинно по отношению к Отцу говорит Спаситель, что «вся Моя Твоя суть, и вся Твоя Моя» (Ин. 17:10). Итак, если «вся», а одним из всего является и совершенная благость, то и Сын будет обладать ею, являющейся отличительным свойством Отчей сущности, как из Него происшедший. А обладающий свойствами Отчей сущности всяко будет и единосущным.


Источник

Книга сокровищ о Святой и Единосущной Троице. Слово 9

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Подобает полностью исследовать смысл вышесказанного, и тогда мы ясно пой-мем, чему хотел научить Христос, сказав нижеследующее, когда законник подошел к Нему (ибо так написано) , ища научиться, как спастись. Затем предлагает, назвав Его прежде «учителем» и «благим», вопрос: «Что сотворив, живот вечный наследую?» На это Христос и говорит: «Что Мя глаголеши блага? Никтоже благ, токмо един Бог   . Иди, продаждь имение твое и даждь нищым, и имети имаши сокровище на небеси ». Но, не понеся тяжести заповеди и ослабев в добродетели, не находит законник в себе силы исполнить повеленное.«Отиде, — говорит Писание, — скорбя» . Разве здесь был подходящий момент для богословия? Ведь для вопросившего «что сотворив...», Он и Сам будет в числе спасаемых. Ведь он вопросил, что сотворив, он и сам будет причислен к спасаемым. Какой же резон прежде открывать ему не то, что он искал узнать, но говорить нечто иное, нежели то, чего он страстно желал? Как же было возможно того, кто был не в силах понести бремя одной евангельской заповеди, учить превышающему всё таинству, когда он так ослабел в своем устремлении к благу, что на словах не мог сего вместить? Ибо он опечалился, как написано. Так что, поскольку, вида человека, законник как к человеку приступает ко Христу и как простого человека спрашивает, испытывая Его как неграмотного, тем более что он заботился произвести впечатление мудрости, показавшись знающим закон, Господь постыждает его, говоря: «Один только Бог поистине благ. Поэтому, что ты, приступив ко Мне как к человеку, приписываешь Мне то, что одному лишь Богу по природе присуще, называя Меня благим? Ибо есть только один, Кто по природе благ, и это, разумеется, Бог. Если же ты, — говорит Он, — знал Меня как Бога и потому благого, то чего ради приступил как к простому человеку? А если не веруешь, что Я являюсь Богом, но считаешь Меня простым человеком, то что при-лагаешь к человеку достоинство, подобающее одному лишь Богу?» Так что сказан-ное есть обличение невежества, а не богословская аксиома.
ИНОЕ. Если по причине того лишь, что говорится, что один Бог является по природе <75.124> благим, Сын исключается из схожести в этом и подобия по отношению к Отцу, и будет менее благим, и поэтому — не единосущным, то пусть бы кто-нибудь из привыкших христоборчествовать сказал нам, что же он станет делать, когда и мы предложим им нечто похожее. Ибо говорит негде о Боге и Отце некто из святых, что «Бог свет есть» (1 Ин. 1:5); говорит же и о Сыне, что «бе свет истинный» (Ин. 1:11). Вот, смотрите, свет — Отец, свет и Сын. И к одному Сыну прилагается еще и «истинный». Лишится, значит, Отец того, чтобы быть поистине светом, раз к одному лишь Сыну относит это слово Иоанн. Но никто, думаю, не дойдет до такого безумия, чтобы согласиться с этим нечестием. Итак, если, несмотря на то, что поистине является и именуется светом один только Сын, светом поистине является и Отец, то и несмотря на то, что благим по природе является Отец, и к Нему прилагается «един», будет по природе благим и Сын, так же, как и Отец. А где тождество природы, там, несомненно, будет и единосущие.
ИНОЕ. Если то, чтобы Сыну по чему-либо отличаться от Своего Отца, не по-зволяет Ему иметь ту же самую, что и Отец природу, но делает Его инородным (ετερογενή) и как бы чуждым (έκφυλον), тогда то, что Он ни по чему не отличается, показывает Его единосущным. Итак, когда божественное Писание говорит об Отце, что Он «свет есть», и опять называет светом Сына, так что ничего здесь нет, что бы разрывало подобие (ибо к Обоим прилагается выражение «свет истинный»), то что препятствует Сыну быть единосущным Отцу?
ИНОЕ. Если иносущен Сын по отношению к Отцу, то как Отец в Нем является, и Он — в Отце? Ведь Он говорит: «Видевый Мене, виде Отца» (Ин. 14:9). Ведь не увидим же мы в лошади образ человека; и наоборот — ее образ никто не усмотрит в человеческом обличии. Ибо подобное в подобном является, а иновидные (ετεροειδή) и обособленные от природного друг с другом подобия никогда не явятся одно в другом. А Сын является в Отце, и Отец в Сыне. Стало быть, Он не иносущный, как это будет по-вашему, но единосущный, как начертание и образ Отца.


Источник

Книга сокровищ о Святой и Единосущной Троице. Слово 10

***

В собственном смысле слова благое не по причастию и не от иного является таковым, но имеет добродетель, содержащейся в собственной природе и как бы из него самого источающейся; лучше же сказать, оно по природе является тем, что мы называем благом. Итак, когда Отец существует в особой ипостаси, и Сын, в свою очередь, в особой ипостаси, к кому одному нам отнести благо? Или каково на самом деле будет благо? Но, возможно, кто-нибудь скажет, что подобает усваивать благо Отцу. Хорошо, пусть так, ибо мы пока согласимся с этим, как еще исследующие данный вопрос. Затем, кто дерзнет говорить, что Сын по природе не является благим, когда услышит говорящего: «Аз и Отец едино есма ; видевый Мене, виде Отца »? (Ин. 10:30, Ин. 14:10) Ведь если Сын не благ по природе, то как Он нам в Себе показывает благого по природе Отца? Но Он и в этом есть образ Отца. Стало быть, благ и Он, как и Отец. Каким же тогда образом един есть благ, согласно Его словам? Ясно, что в собственном смысле слова благо принадлежит Св. Троице, Которая по причине тождества сущности сплетается в одно Божество, так что <75.529> есть одна лишь Божественная сущность. А по природе совокупляемый в столь тесное единство с Отцом как будет сотворенным или созданным?


Источник

Книга сокровищ о Святой и Единосущной Троице. Слово 32. Подборки речений с силлогизмами из Нового Завета о том, что Сын — Бог по природе. А если так, то Он не создание и не тварь

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I PERCEIVE you assembled here with great earnestness and zeal; and, as I suppose, you have come to exact a debt. I then, for my part, acknowledge that I promised at our last meeting to complete what was wanting to my discourse: and I have come to pay it as unto children, praying Christ, our common Saviour, to impart to my mind His divine light, and give utterance to my tongue, that I may benefit both you and myself. For Paul has somewhere written, "The husbandman who labours must first eat of the fruits." Let me then bring back to your remembrance first of all what has already been considered, and then we will proceed to what remains. The blessed Evangelist therefore said, "And a certain ruler asked Him, saying, Good Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life? And He said unto him, Why do you call Me good? No-one is good, but one, God:" and so on with the rest of the lesson. Now we have already explained what is the meaning of this passage in the Gospel, and enough has been said to you upon that point: for we showed both that by nature and truly the Son is good as also He is Who begat Him; and that the answer, "Why do you call Me good? No-one is good, but one, God," was spoken relatively to the questioner. Let us therefore direct our inquiry to the Scriptures which follow. What then says this chief of the synagogue of the Jews? "What shall I do to inherit eternal life?" He does not ask with a view to learn; for then his question would have been worthy of all praise: but his object was to prove, that Christ did not permit them to retain the Mosaic commandments, but led rather His disciples and followers unto new laws enacted by Himself. For on this pretext they rebuked the people under their charge, saying of Christ, our common Saviour, "He has a devil, and is mad: why hear you Him?" For they said that He had a devil, and was mad, on the supposition that He had set up his own laws against those which had been given from above, from God. True rather would it be to affirm of them that they had a devil, and were utterly mad, for resisting the Lord of the law, Who had come not so much to destroy the commandment which had been given of old, and of which Moses was the minister, as to fulfil it, according to His own words: for He transformed the shadow into the truth. The chief of the synagogue therefore expected to hear Christ say, Cease, O man, from the writings of Moses; abandon the shadow; they were but types, and nothing more; draw near therefore rather to My commandments, which you have in the Gospel: but He did not so answer, because He discerned by His godlike knowledge the object of him who tempted Him. As though then He had no other commandments, but those only given by Moses, He sends the man unto them, and says, "You know the commandments." And lest he should say, that He referred to His own commandments, He enumerates those contained in the law, and says; "You shall not kill: you shall not commit adultery: neither shall you bear false witness." And what reply does this cunning schemer in wickedness make, or rather this very ignorant and senseless person? For he thought that even though He Whom he asked was God, yet nevertheless he could easily cajole Him into answering whatever he chose. But as the sacred Scripture says, "The prey falls not to the lot of the crafty."

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For though he had shot wide of his mark, and missed his prey, he yet ventures to bait for Him another snare: for he said, "All these have I kept from my youth." He might therefore well hear from us in answer, O foolish Pharisee, "you bear witness of yourself; your witness is not true." But omitting now this argument, let us see in what way Christ repelled His bitter and malignant foe.

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For while He might have said, "Blessed are the poor in spirit: for their's is the kingdom of heaven: blessed are the meek: blessed are the pure in heart:" He tells him nothing of this kind, but because he was fond of lucre and very rich, He proceeds at once to that which would grieve him, and says, "Sell all that you have, and give to the poor, and you shall have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me,"

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This was torture to the heart of that covetous man, who so prided himself upon his keeping of the law. It proved him at once both frail and weak, and altogether unfit for the reception of the new message of the gospel. And we too learn how true that is wdiich Christ spoke; "No man puts new wine into old wine-skins; else the skins burst, and the wine is spilt: but new wine is put into new wine-skins." For the chief of the synagogue of the Jews proves to be but an old wine-skin, that cannot hold the new wine, but bursts and becomes useless. For he was saddened, although he had received a lesson that would have won for him eternal life. But those who have received in them by faith Him Who makes all things new, even Christ, are not rent asunder by receiving from Him the new wine. For when they have but newly received from Him the word of the gospel message, which gladdens the heart of man, they become superior to wealth and the love of lucre: their mind is established in courage: they set no value on temporal things, but thirst rather after things eternal: they honour a voluntary poverty, and are earnest in love to the brethren. For, as it is written in the Acts of the holy Apostles, "As many as were possessors of lands or houses sold them, and brought the prices of the things that were sold, and laid them at the apostles' feet; and distribution was made unto every one according to his need,"

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As the ruler therefore was too infirm of purpose, and could not be prevailed upon even to listen to the advice of selling his possessions, although it would have been good for him, and full of reward, our Lord lays bare the malady which has its lair in the rich, thus saying, "How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God! And I say unto you, that it is easier for a camel to enter in through the eye of a needle, than a rich man into the kingdom of God." Now by a camel He means not the animal of that name, but a thick cable rather: for it is the custom of those well versed in navigation to call the thicker cables "camels." Observe however, that He does not altogether cut away the hope of the rich, but reserves for them a place and way of salvation. For He did not say that it is impossible for a rich man to enter in, but that he does so with difficulty.

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Итак, поскольку оказался бессилен этот начальствующий и не мог даже на слух перенести продажу имущества, хотя доброй была весть и полной мзда, то Господь наш выставляет на вид немощь, которая таится в богатых, говоря: Как трудно имеющим богатство войти в Царство Божие! Говорю же вам, что легче верблюду (κάμηλος) войти в игольное ухо, нежели богатому в Царство Божие (Лк 18:24-25; Мф 19:24; Мк 10:25). Иисус скорее использует не слово κάμηλος (верблюд), которое стоит в Евангелии и обозначает это животное, но κάμιλος (толстый канат), ведь такой обычай, чтобы более толстые канаты называть κάμιλοι, есть у тех, кто преуспевает в море.

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 123.

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When the blessed disciples heard these words, they objected, saying, "And who can live?" And their plea was for those who had wealth and possessions. For we know, they say, that no one will ever be persuaded to abandon his wealth and riches: "Who then can be saved?"

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But what does the Lord reply? "The things that are impossible with men, are possible with God." He has reserved therefore for those who possess wealth the possibility of being counted worthy, if they will, of the kingdom of God: for even though they refuse entirely to abandon what they have, yet it is possible for them in another way to attain unto honour. And the Saviour has Himself showed us how and in what way this can happen, saying, "Make to yourselves friends of the unrighteous mammon: that when it has failed, they may receive you into eternal tabernacles." For there is nothing to prevent the rich, if they will, from making the poor partakers and sharers of the abundance which they possess. What hinders him who has plentiful possessions from being affable of address, and ready to communicate to others, easily prevailed upon to give, and compassionate, and full of that generous pity which is well-pleasing to God. Not unrewarded, nor unprofitable shall we find carefulness in this respect; for "mercy boasts over judgment," as it is written. By every argument therefore, and in every way does our common Saviour and Lord benefit us: by Whom and with Whom, to God the Father, be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever. Amen.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 28-28

HE Who is the fountain of sacred doctrines causes here also a healthful stream to flow for us, and the very season, as it seems, bids us say to those who search into the divine words, "You who thirst, come to the waters." For there is set before you that you may partake thereof "the torrent of pleasure,'' even Christ. For by this name the prophet David makes mention of Him, saying to God the Father in heaven; "But the sons of men shall trust in the protection of Your wings: they shall be satisfied with the fatness of Your house, and You shall make them drink of the torrent of Your pleasure." And what the stream is which here gushes forth for us from Him, the purport of the evangelic lessons now set before us clearly teaches: "For Peter, it says, said to Him, Lo! we have left all and followed You." And to this another Evangelist, Matthew, adds, "What then shall we have?" Let us however, before proceeding to any of the other points, first enquire into the occasion which brought the discourse to this present subject. When therefore our common Saviour Christ said to one of the chiefs of the synagogue of the Jews, "Go, sell all that you have, and give to the poor, and you shall have treasure in heaven, and come, follow Me," the disciples ask, What they shall have from God who keep this precept: and usefully they take upon themselves, as representing a class, the outline of the matter. But, as I imagine, to this some may reply, 'What after all had the disciples given up? for they were men who gained the necessaries of life by their sweat and labour, being by trade fishermen, who at most perhaps owned somewhere a boat and nets: who had neither well-built houses, nor any other possessions. What therefore had they left, or for what did they ask of Christ a recompense? What therefore do we answer to this? Chiefly, that for this very reason they made this most necessary enquiry. For inasmuch as they possessed nothing but what was trifling and of slight value, they would learn in what manner God will requite, and gladden with His gifts those who likewise have left but little for the sake of the kingdom of God, for the desire, that is, of being counted worthy of the kingdom of heaven for their love's sake towards Him. For the rich man, as one who has disregarded much, will confidently expect recompense: but he who possessed but little, and abandoned it, how was it not right to ask, what hopes he might entertain? For this reason, as representing those in like condition with themselves, in respect of their having left but little, they say, "Behold, we have left all and followed You." And it is further necessary to observe this also; that, correctly considered, the pain of abandoning is the same whether it be of much or little. For come let us see the real import of the matter by a trifling example. Supposing that two men had to stand naked, and in so doing the one stripped himself of raiment of great price, while the other put off only what was cheap and easy of acquisition, would not the pain of the nakedness be equal in both cases? What possible doubt can there be upon this point? As far therefore as regards obedience and good-will, those must be placed upon an equal footing with the rich, who though differently circumstanced, yet practised equal readiness, and willingly bore the selling of what they had. And the very wise Paul also takes up their cause, where he thus wrote: "For if there be a ready mind, it is accepted according to what a man has, and not according to what he has not." The enquiry therefore of the holy apostles was not an unreasonable one.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 28-28

Пётр сказал: вот, мы оставили всё и последовали за Тобою (Мф 19:27). <...> Но, как я думаю, на это скажут: «Что же оставили когда-либо ученики? Ведь это были мужи, которые потами и трудами собирали то, что хватало для жизни, в рыболовном ремесле; возможно, где-нибудь владели, самое большее, кораблём и сетями, у которых не было красиво отстроенных домов и другого имущества. Что же они оставили или за что просят воздаяния у Господа?» Итак, что нам сказать на это? Преимущественно по этой причине они и делают такой вопрос крайне необходимым. Ведь поскольку они ничего не стяжали, кроме как малого чего-то и незначительного, они стремятся узнать, каким образом Бог вознаграждает и дарованием от Него возвеселяет и тех, которые самое малое оставили ради Царствия Божия, то есть из-за стремления улучить Царствие Небесное по любви к Нему. Ведь богатый, пренебрегши многим, твёрдо ожидает воздаяний, но стяжавший малое и затем удалившийся от него, какие он имеет надежды? Разве не нужно было узнать об этом? Поэтому они рассудительно говорят, поскольку оставившие малое: Вот, мы оставили всё и последовали за Тобою (Лк 18:28).

Далее, кроме этого, необходимо сказать и следующее, а именно: уклонение от многого или от малого имущества равные вызывает страдания, если судить право, ведь сущность этого дела можно увидеть с помощью небольшого доказательства. Если нужно, пусть встанут два нагих мужа. Далее, вот что они сделали: один снял очень дорогую одежду, а другой не так, как тот, но скорее никчёмную и такую, какую просто приобрести. Разве не в равном смысле будет приниматься у них нагота? Как или по какой причине может быть сомнительным то, что я сказал? Следовательно, что касается послушания и произволения, в равном чине с теми, что стяжали многое, могут счисляться те, которые хотя и не были такими, но руководствуясь равными влечениями, охотно претерпели продажу того, что было у них. В защиту этого выступает и премудрый Павел, когда пишет так: Ибо если есть усердие, то оно принимается смотря по тому, кто что имеет, а не по тому, чего не имеет (2 Кор 8:12). Следовательно, небезосновательным был это вопрос от святых апостолов.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 124

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 29-29

What then said Christ to them, Who does not discriminate between rich and poor? "Verily I say to you, There is no man who has left houses or brethren, or children, or parents, for the kingdom of God's sake, who shall not receive manifold more in this present time, and in that which is to come eternal life." Worthy of God is the declaration, and holy and admirable the decree. For observe how He raises up all who hear to an assured hope, promising not merely the fulness of the bounteous gift which is bestowed upon the saints, but confirming His promise by an oath, by prefixing to His declaration the word Verily, which, so to speak, performs the part of an oath. And not only does He include within His promises those who disregard wealth, but those also, He says, who leave father or mother, or wife or brethren, for the kingdom of God's sake, shall receive manifold more in this world, and in that which is to come eternal life. But that those who have led a virtuous life necessarily gain the life eternal, there can be no doubt whatsoever: some inquiry is however necessary, in the first place, as to who they are who leave father and mother, and wife, and brethren, and houses: and secondly, a still more exact examination of the way in which those who thus act shall receive manifold more in this world. Men therefore leave father and mother, and wife and brethren, and oftentimes count for nought the natural affection due to the ties of kindred, for love's sake to Christ. And in what manner they do so, He teaches us by saying, at one time, "He that loves father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me; and he that loves son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me:" and at another time again, "Think not that I am come to send peace on earth; I tell you nay, I am not come to send peace, but division: for I am come to divide a man from his father, and the daughter from her mother, and the daughter-in-law from her mother-in-law." For when the divine message of the gospel is catching as in a net the whole world to faith in Him, and raising it up to the light of the true knowledge of God, there are those who would readily enter in, did they not suffer from an injurious shame, as being afraid either on their father's account, or their mother's, and taking too much into consideration their anger or their sorrow. For if these are idolaters, they will not consent that their sons or daughters should yield themselves to Christ's service, and abandon the error in which they have been brought up, and which has become habitual with them. And often when the sons are unbelieving and ill-disposed, their fathers have not the courage to vex them by hastening to the faith, and seizing the salvation which is by Christ. And the same explanation may be given respecting brethren with brethren, and the daughter-in-law with her mother-in-law, and the latter with the former. But those who are strong in mind, and prefer nothing to the love of Christ, eagerly grasp the faith, and earnestly endeavour to gain admission into His household hy a spiritual relationship, heeding nothing the wars, or rather divisions which will follow, with those who are their kindred according to the flesh. And in this way then men leave house and kindred for Christ's sake, that they may win His Name, being called Christians; or rather for His glory's sake, for frequently His Name means His glory.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 30-30

But next let us see, in what way one who leaves house or father or mother or brethren, or it may be his wife even, receives manifold more in this present time. Shall he become the husband of many wives, or find on earth many fathers instead of one, and thus have his earthly kindred greatly multiplied? This is not what we say, but rather, that abandoning these carnal and temporal things, he shall receive what is far more valuable, and so to speak, manifold times as much as what was disregarded by him. For let us take, if you please, the holy apostles as our examples; and we say then of them, that they were men not distinguished in worldly station, nor skilled in eloquence, nor did they possess a polished tongue, or elegance of words; on the contrary they were untrained in speech, and by trade fishermen, who gathered by their labour the means of life: but whatever they had they left, that they might be the constant attendants and ministers of Christ; nor could any thing hinder them, or draw them away to other occupations, or worldly pursuits. Having left them but little, what did they gain? They were filled with the Holy Spirit: they received power over unclean spirits, to cast them out: they wrought miracles: the shadow of Peter healed those that were sick: they became illustrious among mankind everywhere: foremost in glory; worthy of emulation, and renowned, both while they were still living, and afterwards as well. For who knows not those who taught the world Christ's mystery? Who wonders not at the crown of glory that was bestowed upon them? But perchance you say, 'Shall we all of us therefore become like them?' To this we answer, that each one of us also who have believed in Christ and loved His Name, if he have left a house shall receive the mansions that are above: and if he have abandoned a father, shall gain that Father Who is in heaven. If he be abandoned by his brethren, yet will Christ admit him to brotherhood with Him. If he leave a wife, he shall have as the inmate of His house Wisdom who comes down from above, from God. For it is written, "Say to Wisdom that she is your sister, and make Understanding your friend." By her shall you bring forth beautiful spiritual fruits, by means of which you shall be made a partaker of the hope of the saints, and join the company of the angels. And though you leave your mother, you shall find another incomparably more excellent,----even "the Jerusalem that is above, which is free, and our mother." How are not these things manifold times more than those that were left? For they were but transitory, and rapidly do they waste, and lightly fail us utterly! for as the dew, and like a dream, so they pass away. But he who is counted worthy of these things becomes even in this world illustrious and enviable, being adorned with glory both before God and men. Manifold more therefore are these things than all that is earthly and carnal, and the Giver of them is our common Lord and Saviour: by Whom and with Whom to God the Father be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 31-31

THE blessed prophet David has spoken one of those things which are of great importance for our benefit, especially as it refers to what is of constant occurrence, so to speak, to men's minds. "For I was prepared, he says, and was not troubled." For whatever happens unexpectedly, whenever it is of a serious character, exposes even courageous persons to agitation and alarm, and sometimes to unendurable terrors. But when it has been mentioned before that it will happen, its attack is easily averted. And this, I think, is the meaning of, "I was prepared, and was not troubled." For this reason the divinely-inspired Scripture very fitly says to those who would attain to glory by leading a course of holy conduct, "My son, if you draw near to serve the Lord, prepare yourself for temptation. Direct your heart, and endure." For it does not so speak in order to produce in men an abject slothfulness which will win no reward, but that they may know that by practising patience and endurance, they will overcome the temptations which happen to all who would live virtuously, and prove superior to every thing that could harass them. And so here also the Saviour of all, to prepare beforehand the disciples' minds, tells them that He shall suffer the passion upon the cross, and death in the flesh, as soon as He has gone up to Jerusalem. And he added too. that He should also rise, wiping out the pain, and obliterating the shame of the passion by the greatness of the miracle. For glorious was it, and worthy of God, to be able to sever the bonds of death, and hasten back to life. For testimony is borne Him by the resurrection from the dead, according to the expression of the wise Paul, that He is God and the Son of God. It is necessary, however, for us to explain what the benefit was which the holy apostles received from having learnt the approach of those things which wore about to happen. By this means then He cuts away beforehand both unseemly thoughts and all occasion for stumbling. How, you ask, or in what way? The blessed disciples then, I answer, had followed Christ, our common Saviour, in His circuit through Judaea: they had seen that there was nothing, however ineffable, and worthy of all wonder, which He could not accomplish. For He called from their graves the dead when they had already decayed: to the blind He restored sight: and wrought also other works, worthy of God and glorious. They had heard Him say, "Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and not one of them falls to the ground without your Father's knowledge." And now they who had seen these things, and been emboldened by His words to courageousness, were about to behold Him enduring the ridicule of the Jews, crucified, and made a mock of, and receiving even buffets from the servants. It was possible therefore, that being offended because of these things, they might think thus within themselves, and say: He Who is so great in might, and possesses such godlike authority; Who performs miracles by His nod alone; Whose word is almighty, so that even from their very graves He raises the dead; Who says too that His Father's providence reaches even to the birds; Who is the Only-begotten, and first-born: how did He not know what was about to happen? Is He too taken in the nets of the foe, and made the prey of His enemies, Who even promised that He would save us?. Is He then disregarded and despised of that Father, without Whose will not even a tiny bird is taken? These things perchance the holy apostles might have said or thought among themselves. And what would have been the consequence? They too, like the rest of the Jewish multitude, would have become unbelieving, and ignorant of the truth. That they might therefore be aware both that He foreknew His passion, and though it was in his power easily to escape, that yet of His own will He advanced to meet it, He told them beforehand what would happen. In saying then, "Behold, we go up to Jerusalem," He, so to speak, testified urgently and commanded them to remember what had been foretold.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 31-33

Страдания и воскресение

Примерно так и сейчас Спаситель заранее заботится сообщить ученикам, что Он претерпит страдания на кресте и смерть по плоти, как только взойдёт в Иерусалим. Прибавлял же Он и то, что воскреснет, изглаживая эту скорбь и покрывая бесчестие страдания великим чудом. Ведь славным и приличным Богу было то, что Он мог рассечь узы смерти и обратно взбежать к жизни. Ибо Он засвидетельствовал, по изречению премудрого Павла, воскресением из мёртвых, что Он — Бог и Сын Божий (Рим 1:4).


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 125

***

Исполнение Писания

Для того, чтобы они понимали как то, что Он прежде знал о страданиях, так и то, что имея власть легко избегнуть их, Он добровольно идёт на них,

Он предварительно сообщает им о том, что случится. Говоря же: Вот, мы восходим в Иерусалим (Лк 18:31), Он, так сказать, приводит им явное свидетельство и повелевает, чтобы они вспомнили, что было сказано прежде. Ведь Исаия как бы от лица Христа говорит: Лица же Моего Я не отвратил от стыда оплеваниий (Ис 50:6, LXX).

И ещё в другом месте он говорит о Нём: Как овца на заклание Он ведён был и как агнец пред стригущим его безгласен (Ис 53:7, LXX). И ещё: Веемы, как овцы, блуждали, и каждый на пути своём заблудился, и Господь предал Его за грехи наши (Ис 53:6, LXX). А ещё и блаженный Давид Псалме 21, заранее изображая страдания на кресте, вводит Иисуса говорящим как Тот, Кто вот уже висит на древе: Я же- червь, а не человек, поношение у людей и уничижение в народе. Все видящие Меня насмехались надо Мною, говорили устами и кивали головою: Он уповал на Господа, пусть Он избавит Его (Пс 21:7, LXX). Ведь кивали о Нём некоторые из иудеев своими нечестивыми головами, насмехаясь и говоря: Если Он - Сын Божий, пусть теперь сойдёт с креста, и уверуем в Него (Мф 27:42). И ещё Он сказал: Разделили ризы Мои себе и об одежде Моей метали жребий (Пс 21:18, LXX). И ещё в другом месте Он говорит о тех, которые распяли Его: Дали в пищу Мне желчь, и в жажде Моей напоили Меня уксусом (Пс 68:21).


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 125

***

Хотя Спаситель всех предвозвестил это святым апостолам, они не поняли того, что говорилось, сказано, но слово это было сокрыто от них (Лк 18:34, еп. Кассиан). Ведь они всё ещё не знали в точности того, что было предвозвещено через святого пророка Исаию. Ибо даже первенствующий среди учеников Петр не слушал Спасителя, Который говорил, что будет распят, умрёт и воскреснет. А поскольку он до сих пор не понимал глубины таинства, то восстал против этого, говоря: Будь милостив к себе, Господи! Да не будет этого с Тобою! (Мф 16:22). Но ему был сделан суровый укор за то, что он говорил это, потому что он всё ещё не знал цели боговдохновенного Писания — той, что относится к этому. Когда же Христос воскрес из мёртвых, Он отверз им глаза (Лк 24:31), как написал другой из святых евангелистов. Ибо они просветились, когда обогатились изобильным причастием Духа.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 125

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 32-32

And He added necessarily, that all these things had been foretold by the holy prophets. For Isaiah, as in the person of Christ, says; "I have given My back to scourgings, and My cheeks to buffetings: and My face I have not turned away from the shame of spittings." And again, in another place, He says of Him, "As a sheep He was led to the slaughter, and was silent, as a lamb before its shearer." And again, "All we like sheep have gone astray: every one has gone astray in his path: and the Lord has delivered Him up because of our sins." And again the blessed David also in the twenty-first 1 Psalm, painting as it were beforehand the sufferings upon the cross, has set before us Jesus speaking as one that lo! already was hanging upon the tree, "But I am a worm, and not a man: the reproach of men, and a thing rejected of the people. All those that have seen Me, have derided Me: they have spoken with their lips, and shaken their heads; He trusted in the Lord: let Him deliver Him." For some of the Jews did shake their wicked heads at Him, deriding Him, and saying, "If You are the Son of God, come down now from the cross, and we will believe You." And again He said, "They parted My garments among them, and upon My vesture they cast the lot." And again in another place He says of those that crucified Him, "They gave gall for My food, and for My thirst they made Me drink vinegar." Of all therefore that was about to happen to Him, nothing was unforetold, God having so ordered it by His Providence for our use, that when the time came for it to happen, no one might be offended. For it was in the power of one Who knew beforehand what was about to happen, to refuse to suffer altogether.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 33-33

No man then compelled Him by force, nor again were the multitudes of the Jews stronger than His might: but He submitted to suffer, because He knew that His passion would be for the salvation of the whole world. For He endured indeed the death of the flesh, but rose again, having trampled upon corruption, and by His resurrection from the dead, He planted in the bodies of mankind the life that springs from Him. For the whole nature of man in Him hastened back to incorruption. And of this the wise Paul bears witness, saying, at one time, "For since by man was death, by man was also the resurrection of the dead." And again. "For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all live." Let not those therefore who crucified Him indulge in pride: for He remained not among the dead, seeing that as God He possesses an irresistible might: but rather let them lament for themselves, as being guilty of the crime of murdering the Lord. This the Saviour also is found saying to the women who were weeping for Him, "Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for Me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children." For it was not right that they should lament for Him, Who was about to arise from the dead, destroying thereby corruption, and shaking death's dominion; but more fitly, on the contrary, would they lament over their own afflictions.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 34-34

The Saviour of all then declared these things beforehand to the holy apostles: "but they, it says, understood not what was said, and the word was hidden from them." For as yet they knew not accurately what had been before proclaimed by the holy prophets. For even He Who was first among the disciples heard the Saviour once say that He should be crucified, and die; and arise: but in that he did not as yet understand the depth of the mystery, he resisted it, saying, "That be far from You, Lord: this shall not be to You." But he was rebuked for so speaking: because he as yet knew not the purport of the Scripture inspired of God relating thereunto. But when Christ arose from the dead, He opened their eyes, as another of the holy Evangelists wrote; for they wore enlightened, being enriched with the abundant participation of the Spirit. For they who once understood not the words of the prophets, exhorted those who believed in Christ to studytheir words, saying, "We too have a more sure prophetic word, whereunto you do well to look, as to a lamp that shines in a dark place, until the day shine forth, and the light-star arise in your hearts." And this has also reached its fulfilment: for we have been enlightened in Christ; by Whom and with Whom to God the Father be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 35-35

WHOSOEVER are yet without understanding, and accept not the faith in Christ, may justly have that said to them which was spoken by the voice of David, "Come and see the works of God, the miracles that He has put upon earth." For He wrought miracles after no human fashion, though He was in appearance a man such as we are; but with godlike dignity rather, for He was God in form like to us, since He changed not from being what He was, as the purport of the passage now read from the Gospels proves to us. "For the Saviour, it says, was passing by. And a blind man cried out, saying, Son of David have mercy on me." Let us then examine the expression of the man who had lost his sight; for it is not a thing to pass by without enquiry, since possibly the examination of what was said will beget something highly advantageous for our benefit.

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 38-38

In what character then does he address to Him his prayer? Is it as to a mere man, according to the babbling of the Jews, who stoned Him with stones, saying in their utter folly, "For a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy; because that You being a man make Thyself God?" But must not that blind man have understood that the sight of the blind cannot be restored by human means, but requires, on the contrary, a divine power, and an authority such as God only possesses? for with God nothing whatsoever is impossible. He drew near to Him therefore as to the Omnipotent God; but how then does he call Him the Son of David? What therefore can one answer to this? The following is perhaps, as I think, the explanation. As he had been brought up in Judaism, and was by birth of that race, the predictions contained in the law and the holy prophets concerning Christ of course had not escaped his knowledge. He had heard them chant that passage in the book of the Psalms: "The Lord has sworn the truth to David, and will not reject it, that of the fruit of your loins will I set upon your throne." He knew also that the blessed prophet Isaiah had said, "And there shall spring forth a shoot from the root of Jesse, and from his root shall a flower grow up." And again this as well; "Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bring forth a son, and they shall call His Name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us." As one therefore who already believed that the Word, being God, had of His own will submitted to be born in the flesh of the holy virgin, he draws near to Him as to God, and says, "Have mercy upon me, Son of David." For Christ bears witness that this was his state of mind in offering his supplication, by saying to him, "Your faith has saved you." Let those then be ashamed who imagine themselves not to be blind, but who, as the wise Peter says, are "sightless, and have darkness in their mind." For they divide into two the one Lord Jesus Christ: even Him Who is the Word of the Father, but   Who became a man, and was made flesh. For they deny that He Who was born of the seed of David was really the Son of God the Father: for so, they say, to be born is proper to man only, rejecting in their great ignorance His flesh, and treating with contempt that precious and ineffable dispensation by which we have been redeemed: and even perhaps foolishly speaking against the Only-begotten, because He emptied Himself, and descended to the measure of human nature, and was obedient to the Father even to death, that by His death in the flesh He might abolish death, might wipe out corruption, and put away the sin of the world. Let such imitate this blind man: for he drew near to Christ the Saviour of all as to God, and called Him Lord and Son of the blessed David. He testifies also to His glory by asking of Him an act such as God only can accomplish.

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Вера слепого

Далее, как же не замечал этот слепой, что зрение восстанавливается скорее не человеческими силами, но силой Божественной и приличной Богу властью? Ибо для Бога отнюдь нет ничего невозможного. Но он приблизился как к Богу, Который может всё. Далее, почему он именует Его Сыном Давида} Что тогда можно сказать на это? Я полагаю, что примерно следующее, а именно: воспитанный в иудаизме и будучи местного происхождения, он, вероятно, не был в неведении относительно предвозвещённого о Нём через закон и пророки. Он слышал относящиеся к этому восхваления в книге Псалмов: Клялся Господь Давиду истиною и не отречётся от неё: От плода чресл твоих посажу на престоле твоём (Пс 131:11, LXX). Знал он, что сказал блаженный пророк Исаия: И выйдет жезл от корня Иессея, и цвет от корня его произойдёт (Ис 11:1, LXX). А также и следующее об этом: Вот, Дева зачнёт во чреве и родит Сына, и нарекут имя Ему Емма- нуил, что в переводе значит: С нами Бог (Мф 1:23, еп Кассиан). Поэтому как тот, кто уже уверовал, что, будучи Богом, Слово добровольно претерпело рождение по плоти — я имею в виду то, которое от Святой Девы, — он подходит как к Богу, говоря: Помилуй меня, Сын Давидов! (Лк 18:38). Ведь что он с таким расположением приносил это моление, засвидетельствует Христос, говоря ему: Вера твоя спасла тебя (Лк 18:42).


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 126.

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Let them wonder also at the constancy wherewith he confessed Him. For there were some who rebuked him when confessing his faith; but he did not give way, nor cease his crying, but bade the ignorance of those who were rebuking him be still.

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He was justly therefore honoured by Christ: for he was called by Him, and commanded to draw near. Understand from this, my beloved, that faith sets us also in Christ's presence, and so brings us to God, as for us to be even counted worthy of His words.

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...worthy of His words. For when the blind man was brought to Him, He asked him, saying, "What do you want me to do for you? Was his request then unknown to Him? For was it not plain that he sought deliverance from the malady that afflicted him? How can there be any doubt of this? He asked him therefore purposely, that those who were standing by, and accompanying Him, might learn, that it was not money he sought, but rather that regarding Him as God, he asked of Him a divine act, and one appropriate solely to the nature that transcends all.

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When then he had declared the nature of his request, saying, "Lord, that I may receive my sight:" then, yes! then the words that Christ spoke were a rebuke of the unbelief of the Jews: for with supreme authority He said, "Receive your sight." Wonderful is the expression! right worthy of God, and transcending the bounds of human nature! Which of the holy prophets ever spoke ought such as this? or used words of so great authority? For observe that He did not ask of another the power to restore vision to him who was deprived of sight, nor did He perform the divine miracle as the effect of prayer to God, but attributed it rather to His own power, and by His almighty will wrought whatever He would. "Receive, said He, your sight;" and the word was light to him that was blind: for it was the word of Him Who is the true light.

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And now that he was delivered from his blindness, did he neglect the duty of loving Christ? Certainly not: "For he followed Him, it says, offering Him glory as to God." He was set free therefore from double blindness: for not only did he escape from the blindness of the body, but also as well from that of the mind and heart: for he would not have glorified Him as God, had he not possessed spiritual vision. And further, he became the means of others also giving Him glory, for all the people, it says, gave glory to God. It is plain therefore from this, that great is the guilt of the scribes and Pharisees; for He rebukes them for refusing to accept Him though working miracles, while the multitude glorified Him as God because of the deeds which He wrought. No such praise is offered on their part: yes, rather the miracle is made an occasion of insult and accusation; for they said that the Lord wrought it by Beelzebub: and by thus acting they became the cause of the destruction of the people under their rule. Therefore the Lord protested against their wickedness by the voice of the prophet, saying; "Alas for the shepherds, who destroy and scatter the sheep of My inheritance." And again; "The shepherds have become foolish, and have not sought the Lord: therefore did none of the flock understand, and were scattered.''' Such then was their state: but we are under the rule of the chief Shepherd of all, even Christ: by Whom and with Whom to God the Father be praise and dominion, with the Holy Spirit, for ever and over, Amen. 

Толкование на группу стихов: Лк: undefined: 43-43

Свет, дающий зрение

Ибо Он сказал с вышней властью это: прозри\ (Лк 18:42). Изречение такое достойно изумления, оно приличнее всего Богу и вне человеческих пределов. Ибо кто из святых пророков изрёк что-то подобное или говорил с такой властью? Ведь заметь, что Он не у другого выпрашивает, чтобы Он мог восстановить зрение тому, у кого отнят свет, но и не совершение молитвы к Богу сотворило это божественное знамение, но скорее Он отводил это Своим собственным силам, и всесильными мановениями Он устраивал всё, чего бы ни пожелал. Он сказал: прозри! И это изречение стало светом для страждущего, ибо это было слово истинного Света.


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 126.

***

Следование за Христом

Итак, Он освобождается от болезни, но пренебрегает ли он тем, чтобы быть христолюбивым? Никоим образом, ведь он, сказано, последовал за Ним (Лк 18:43, еп. Кассиан), воссылая Ему славу как Богу. И освобождался он от двойной слепоты, так как оказался не только вне этой телесной, но вместе с ней и вне той слепоты, что в уме и сердце. Ведь он не прославил бы Его как Бога, если бы не узрел духовно. Но это было причиной и для других, чтобы они славили Его, ведь весь народ, сказано, воздал хвалу Богу (Лк 18:43).


Источник

Кирилл Александрийский, Комментарии на Евангелие от Луки 126.

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